TCP Flags Guide
Here’s a breakdown of each TCP flag with its purpose and for what’s used.
SYN (Synchronize) - Initiates a connection between two hosts. It’s the first step in the 3-way handshake, signalling...
Detection Engineering and Its Types
This aspect of cybersecurity focuses on developing methods and strategies to detect malicious activities within an organization’s network and systems. It involves creating, deploying, and maintaining detection mechanisms such as alerts,...
Reverse Engineer – Assembly Basics
Assembly is a low-level programming language that provides a way to write instructions that the CPU can execute directly, it’s closely related to machine code but uses human-readable mnemonics.
Registers
These are small...
Risk, Vulnerability and Threats
In cybersecurity, understanding the differences between risk, vulnerability, and threats is crucial for effective risk management and mitigation.
Risk
This is the potential loss, damage or destruction of an asset due to a...
Digital Certificate Management
Certificate Authority (CA)
This is a trusted organization or entity that issues digital certificates. These certificates are used to verify the identity of websites, individuals, and devices on a network. When you...
Reverse Engineer Assembly: Flags and Memory Addressing
Flags are special indicators used by the processor to signal the outcome of operations, these are stored in a special register called the flags register. Some common flags include:
Zero Flag (ZF)...
LDAP Explained
LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol) is a protocol used to access and manage directory services over a network. It is commonly used to authenticate users, query user information, and manage resources...
Regex (Regular Expressions)
Regex (short for Regular Expressions) is a powerful tool used for searching, matching, and manipulating text based on specific patterns. Understanding and mastering this tool involves learning its syntax, operators, and...
System Failure Behaviours Explained
The terms “fail open”, “fail close”, "Fail Safe", "Failover" describe how systems behave when they encounter a failure or unexpected event. These concepts are crucial to maintain either availability or ensure...
Simple Concepts of Reverse Engineering
Reverse engineering in cybersecurity involves analysing software, systems, or hardware to understand their design, functionality and behaviour. The goal is often to uncover vulnerabilities, analyse malware, or understand proprietary systems for...
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Domain Controller
A Domain Controller (DC) is a critical server in a Windows-based network that manages security and permissions for all computers within the domain.
Centralized Management - A Domain Controller is a server that responds to security authentication requests within a Windows Server domain. It holds...
ORM Vulnerabilities
ORM (Object-Relational Mapping) is a programming technique that allows developers to interact with a database using object-oriented paradigm of a programming language instead of writing raw SQL queries.
In an object-oriented language, you work with objects and classes. An object is an instance of a...
Access Controls
Access controls are mechanisms that manage how resources are accessed and by whom. Here are some common types of access controls:
Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)
Permissions are assigned to specific roles rather than to individuals. Users are then assigned to these roles.
E.g. In a company, there...