Different Types of Firewalls Explained (WAF, HBF, NBF, NGFW)
Web Application Firewall (WAF)
It’s a Firewall that operates at the Application Layer (Layer 7 OSI) that’s designed to monitor, filter and block HTTP/HTTPS traffic...
Wi-Fi Standards and Protocols
802.11 Wi-Fi Standards
These refer to a set of standards for wireless local area network (WLAN) communication, developed by IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics...
Risk, Vulnerability and Threats
In cybersecurity, understanding the differences between risk, vulnerability, and threats is crucial for effective risk management and mitigation.
Risk
This is the potential loss, damage or...
Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI)
This is the process of gathering, analysing, and utilizing information about potential or current threats to an organization’s digital assets focusing on understanding the...
Access Controls
Access controls are mechanisms that manage how resources are accessed and by whom. Here are some common types of access controls:
Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)
Permissions...
True Positive vs False Positive vs True Negative vs False Negative
Understanding these concepts is crucial for accurate threat detection and response as it helps to evaluate and improve the accuracy of security measures, ensuring...
System Failure Behaviours Explained
The terms “fail open”, “fail close”, "Fail Safe", "Failover" describe how systems behave when they encounter a failure or unexpected event. These concepts are...
PE Headers and Sections Explained
The Portable Executable (PE) format is a file format for executables, object code, DLLS, and others used in Windows operating systems. The structure of...
Simple Concepts of Reverse Engineering
Reverse engineering in cybersecurity involves analysing software, systems, or hardware to understand their design, functionality and behaviour. The goal is often to uncover vulnerabilities,...
TCP Flags Guide
Here’s a breakdown of each TCP flag with its purpose and for what’s used.
SYN (Synchronize) - Initiates a connection between two hosts. It’s the...
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SQL Injection Types
SQL Injection (SQLi) is an attack technique that allows an attacker to manipulate the SQL queries that an application makes to its database. There...
Types of DoS Attacks
Denial of Service (DoS) attacks are malicious attempts to disrupt the normal functioning of a targeted server, service, or network by overwhelming it with...
Different Types of Firewalls Explained (WAF, HBF, NBF, NGFW)
Web Application Firewall (WAF)
It’s a Firewall that operates at the Application Layer (Layer 7 OSI) that’s designed to monitor, filter and block HTTP/HTTPS traffic...