Pyramid of Pain
The Pyramid of Pain is a concept in cybersecurity that helps to visualize and understand the impact of various indicators of compromise (IOCs) on...
Simple Concepts of Reverse Engineering
Reverse engineering in cybersecurity involves analysing software, systems, or hardware to understand their design, functionality and behaviour. The goal is often to uncover vulnerabilities,...
PE Headers and Sections Explained
The Portable Executable (PE) format is a file format for executables, object code, DLLS, and others used in Windows operating systems. The structure of...
Reverse Engineer Assembly: Flags and Memory Addressing
Flags are special indicators used by the processor to signal the outcome of operations, these are stored in a special register called the flags...
Kernel Explanation
The kernel is a fundamental part of any Operating System, acting as the bridge between software and hardware. It’s responsible for managing the system’s...
DNS Sinking Explained
DNS Sinking (DNS Sinkholing) is a crucial cybersecurity technique used to redirect malicious or unwanted traffic to a controlled IP address, effectively neutralizing threats...
Regex (Regular Expressions)
Regex (short for Regular Expressions) is a powerful tool used for searching, matching, and manipulating text based on specific patterns. Understanding and mastering this...
System Failure Behaviours Explained
The terms “fail open”, “fail close”, "Fail Safe", "Failover" describe how systems behave when they encounter a failure or unexpected event. These concepts are...
TCP Flags Guide
Here’s a breakdown of each TCP flag with its purpose and for what’s used.
SYN (Synchronize) - Initiates a connection between two hosts. It’s the...
Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI)
This is the process of gathering, analysing, and utilizing information about potential or current threats to an organization’s digital assets focusing on understanding the...






























