System Failure Behaviours Explained
The terms “fail open”, “fail close”, "Fail Safe", "Failover" describe how systems behave when they encounter a failure or unexpected event. These concepts are...
Pyramid of Pain
The Pyramid of Pain is a concept in cybersecurity that helps to visualize and understand the impact of various indicators of compromise (IOCs) on...
True Positive vs False Positive vs True Negative vs False Negative
Understanding these concepts is crucial for accurate threat detection and response as it helps to evaluate and improve the accuracy of security measures, ensuring...
Black Holing Made Simple
This is a network security measure used to handle unwanted or potential harmful traffic. If the traffic is unwanted or harmful, all the data...
Different Types of Firewalls Explained (WAF, HBF, NBF, NGFW)
Web Application Firewall (WAF)
It’s a Firewall that operates at the Application Layer (Layer 7 OSI) that’s designed to monitor, filter and block HTTP/HTTPS traffic...
Disk Redundancy RAID
Disk redundancy through RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks) is a method used to protect data and improve performance by combining multiple hard drives...
Wi-Fi Standards and Protocols
802.11 Wi-Fi Standards
These refer to a set of standards for wireless local area network (WLAN) communication, developed by IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics...
TCP Flags Guide
Here’s a breakdown of each TCP flag with its purpose and for what’s used.
SYN (Synchronize) - Initiates a connection between two hosts. It’s the...
Risk, Vulnerability and Threats
In cybersecurity, understanding the differences between risk, vulnerability, and threats is crucial for effective risk management and mitigation.
Risk
This is the potential loss, damage or...
Reverse Engineer Assembly: Flags and Memory Addressing
Flags are special indicators used by the processor to signal the outcome of operations, these are stored in a special register called the flags...
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System Failure Behaviours Explained
The terms “fail open”, “fail close”, "Fail Safe", "Failover" describe how systems behave when they encounter a failure or unexpected event. These concepts are...
How Tokenization Works
Tokenization is a data security technique where data is replaced by non-sensitive equivalents, called tokens. These tokens can be used in the system without...
Cyber Kill Chain
The Cyber Kill Chain is a framework developed by Lockheed Martin to describe the stages of a cyber attack, understanding it helps organizations identify...